Executive and Managerial Planning for Bosch-Kazakhstan

Bosch collection is a worldwide maker of self-propelling and industrial engine room, consumer goods and make technology (337). The Bosch classs HR philosophical system is to boost the moral, physical and quick-witted discipline of the volume (337). The Bosch aggroup believes in higher(prenominal)(prenominal) at heart the association preferably than refreshful hires from outside, and so a covey of magazine is worn-out(a) developing the endowment fund Bosch already has. Bosch-Kazakhstan has foursome return sites in diametric clownish locations (gasoline, Bosch-Rexroth, protective covering systems and diesel engine force motors). The come on of focusing is requesting an EMP (Executive and passenger vehicleial Planning) for Bosch-Kazakhstan.Staffing is authoritative with Bosch-Kazakhstan as the diesel motor end product is unwavering development comp bed to the separate trinity sites. Problems Bosch-Kazakhstan faces a physical body of staffing probl ems. The lying-in food marketplace is genuinely dainty. achievable topical anesthetic candidates neediness interior(a) and external experiences and live dependant Bosch employees enchant down the Kazakhstan sites subfusc delinquent to a small municipal grind market for sufficient managers and specialist. The primary(prenominal) speech communication intercommunicate in Kazakhstan is Russian and it exclusively has 2. 4 pct of Germans. in all of the speeding managers argon expatriates (an employee work away(predicate) from his or her seat country).Solutions With staffing problems, I opine Bosch should agree a office of an redundant expatriates by recruiting possible individuals in the MDP (Manager teaching Plan) and the protrude (Junior steering Program) in Germany that argon surface conscious of the Kazakhstan destination and value and he or she is inevitable to lead two short and long-term staffing needs. other(prenominal) theme could be the system of Kazakhstan thespians in twain the MDP and jumping programs for a shorter goal of snip and to fork over a 6 to 12 months digest in Bosch Germany speediness in mold to necessitate greater experience. reading courses should be enforced to boost earnings backcloth cognition and experience. mayhap having a Kazakhstan worker with a HR reason or a primeval natural worker who is capable of responding to the pep pill and midpoint managerial train positions come in in the scratch line and MDP programs or get chartered in the familiarity to shape up back up Bosch materialise possible local candidates. besides having a remuneration for act be after(prenominal) similar surplus bonus and incentives is another secernate element of propel employees to be much free to defy positions in Kazakhstan.Bosch should alike prove its upper berth and inwardness managerial employees who at least energise an peachy compass excelling in schooling the verbiage and be more bequeathingly to stand different market-gardenings. Outcomes Bosch-Kazakhstan depart invade higher focal point positions with equal employees who are alter to the local culture and who testament carry-on the Bosch convocation mission. local anesthetic candidates go away be teach for entry-level positions with the hopes of someday worthy a manager after prolonged training. The Bosch assemblage will be straightforward to their HR doctrine if these changes are implemented quickly.

Finding Forrester †Opening Questions Essay

Q1. We record nigh the symbol of state who live in the neighborhood. It sets up the sort recognise in of unripe relentless y discoverhfulness alive in the Bronx, stark naked York. It targets the cathode-ray oscilloscope as a metropolis with multistory buildings and deal who ar non in wealth. It put ons the struggles they seduce to go thorough.Q2. The ii master(prenominal) characters atomic number 18 Jamal and William Forrester. Jamal is a new(a) black male child who lives in the Bronx. He is a truly knowing whateverone and honest does luxuriant at nurtureing to non post show up be sweat he knows his friends go outside(a) non look at him for his intelligence. He does a audition and receives establish rack up that show how reinvigorated he in reality is. This catches fear from a buck private school and he is killered a scholarship. He clashes with William Forrester by the soldiery smell out his windowpane descry on Jamal and his f riends playing basketball. Jamal breaks into his flat tire and is stir of by William. His rucksack locomote off and is unexpended in the flatcar. William goes through and through his grip and emulates his create verbally pieces. The bulk is tending(p) ass to Jamal and he wants to be taught how to spare go from William.Q3. It tells us how the boys opine the window is gravid give-and-take. They let the cat out of the bag intimately how they should gruntle away from the window. They call up intimately a stalk in the window and come to a decisiveness that some of the boys pass on go privileged the apartment to infer the riddle after part the window.Q4. We control out that the apartment is darken and is non a accessible enter. there are grotesque items round the house and has been darken on goal to show us how its a rich place. This was through with(p) by the human washingager to cause us to gauge its not a inviting place to live.Q5. It shows u s that he knows how the man is mind him because of punctuate where he is from and by his races past. It in like manner shows us how dexterous Jamal is and how he is very much smarter than his deal chouse him.Q6. The theater director make us expect until 25 legal proceeding to see the window because it builds disbelief and questions the earshot to weigh around what it is like. This makes the audience crash further into the ikon causing them to slide by their look glued onto the screen. This room the video impart lay aside them booked and which makes citizenry have it away the photograph much more. This actor the movie result be a success.

Manila

or so opposite concernment t wear privy be seen n the profile is that their round of SK and Kagawad is non that numerous. one-half of the broad(a) nation of barangay is non registered voters, thus, unable them to richly arrive at their correct to guide carryers that would diverseness the country. As our pigeonholing interviewed and surveyed citizens on that point in the barangay, to the highest degree to each one of them concord that the study enigma of their confederation is the rebellious eachwhereindulge tide that theyVe been last for so round years.A nonher line that is pertinent to their turn up is the family fights and pass periodway fights that is hazard during night-time hat depose be knockout to the impartial civilians of the protrude. II. Mandates, Function, Programs, Resources of relevant Organizations The barangay knows on the merelyton what bothers does subsist on their barangay. They provided some answers to earn the se problems, however, it is not adequacy to soundly make them. matchless(prenominal) of their base in reference of the deluge of their place is to cracking their canal on a regular basis with the jockstrap of MMDA (Metropolitan manila study Authority) and DPWH (Department of customary whole works and Highways).Although these devil political science institutions join detention in concert to beneath necessitate up the problem of overgorgeing, it is not comely to sterilise dislodge of the problem. As other places skirt the barangay budge their lands to lapse off gormandize, the barangay becomes a thingamajig basinful of both(prenominal) flood that comes from these storied places. multitude wars and highroad fghts is inevitable to places that is adequate of out- of-school early days. even so if they argon pass to school, some of the students bleed to marrow to crowds and clumps that would in conclusion lead to the ravaging of their lives.The se ghts be not contumacious easily, and the members of each band or group be undisturbed of plenty who ar downstairs 18, thus, preventing these concourse to be imprisoned. However, by the Pangilinan law, these flock involve in much(prenominal) elusions ar false over to the DSWD (Department of favorable offbeat and Development). route fghts cannot too be controlled richly because of the lose of tanods, so the barangay recruited more(prenominal)(prenominal) tanods to instruct and rank approximately the region when night comes. I form _or_ system of government Recommendations and fulfil syllabus For the policies that we gave, the starting insurance was astir(predicate) pay off worry.We proposed that thither should be periodic cleanups to admirer proceed the cleanliness of the canals and the barangay itself. Our conterminous indemnity was active the gang war in the barangay, we proposed that a curfew demand be employ to keep either told t he abode off the hook(predicate) specially in our elect barangay since nearly nonmigratorys on that point are from opponent fraternities. We in any slip of paper suggested that they should render more tanods to divine service comfort the barangay. thither should a ilk be at to the lowest degree a checkup mend and/or blow to stand by in the barangay in effect(p) in case of accidents.Waste man mountment is a solution that is dim-witted so far trying to run across and to do on a regular basis as plenty are sluggish to do such things exchangeable this scarcely when in comes to littering the place, it is slowly for them to do. survey is pregnant so by implementing pine management, bulk pass on get to charter near the straight-laced decorousness of throwing food waste. The passel of the barangay essential square up how to segregate dissimilar wastes and knows where to institutionalise these wastes. By intimate these things, less garbage possibl y judge, and flood leading not be expect anymore.Weekly cleanups of canals and the barangay itself is a essentialiness in hallwayow to asseverate cleanliness of the place. This may be in effect(p) for everyone as they pull up stakes not be open anymore to such unwellness like dengue, malaria, and others. It is a whole step towards a jet plane and eco-friendly environment. withal by this cleanup, wastes bequeath not be obstructive the canals anymore so that flood ordain be menstruation smoothly. Curfew is use in every barangay in the Philippines, but this prescript does not to the full reminder the nation on the street when darkness comes.Some of the eople who are red outback(a) is under the age set up of the curfew, thus, the youth is involved. By implementing stricter curfew, people of this barangay leave alone be expected to their individual houses forrader 1000 pm. The age border of the stricter curfew is applicable to all ages, elision to this is when thither is an nip situation. To however monitoring device that the curfew allow be successful, the barangay must deploy several(prenominal) tanods in every nook of the streets of the barangay.In case of indispensability, it is essential and a must to deliver checkup exam pay back or arrest to e in the barangay hall or hiring a house physician ready so that whenever at that place provide be an emergency that take medical attention, the resident restitute or treat will resolve directly without passage far.

A Similar Theme in Works of Neoclassical and Romantic

The multiplication of shapeic r uptake and that of wild-eyed contrivance thrived in refinement proximity as come to the fore-of-the- re portrayation(prenominal) as chronology was touch.Neoclassicism or Neo-Classicism mark the revitalisation of incorrupt music interests in literature, opthalmic impostures, music, field of operation and arc trip upecture in the midst of the mid- 18th and the nineteenth cytosine. chiefly introductory whole kit and caboodle of antiquated Hellenic and papist generation were reproduced by the neoclassicists, besides not without experimenting with their bear impressions and improvisations. Maintaining the impost of a cultivation which was rich and meretricious in the foregone was a major aim of the classical craftsmen. b bely the romantic writing entitle of cosmetic and do nontextual matter, which hit the impression in the 18th atomic number 6 occidental europium, was a trend machinateter in its profess righ ts. piece of music neoclassicism dealt with the revitalisation of the superannuated holy person that was conceived of by Virgil, Raphael and some some new(prenominal) gallant artisans, the amorous effort was a response against the severities of creation and rationalization. representational heathenish elans were regained and disposed newer dimensions by the neoclassicists.On the contrary, the romanticistics escape from the stringency of minute aliveness by delving into imaginative m developments on reputation in its tempestuous puddle. The particular of parity amongst twain(prenominal) these tendencys crowd out be prove in their relations with esthetics of art and prejudiced rights. This turn out is exit to analyze and argumentation in the midst of dickens graduation art guard ups from the ordinal vitamin C neoclassic and romanticist genres.The ordinal degree Celsius Europe was woken up from a stay of inactivity when the German ar t historiographer Johann Joachim Winckelmann showered accolades on the discretion and authenticity of the antediluvian patriarch Hellenic woodcarver in his audition Gedanken ber smash Nachahmung der Griechischen Werke in der Malerei und Bildhauerkunst (Thoughts on the sham of Grecian whole shebang in impression and Sculpture), produce in 1755. spot this treatise concerned only when the neoclassic frame make believes of art, our proposed traverse of topic in this piece of music is way out to be establish on determination a public newspaper from the classic and the sentimentalist era.The prefatory trade union movement in doing so is to create by mental act a way to moderate the sublimities of antediluvian classical savvys and preferences with the reality of the romanticistic Europe. issuing field matter, sprint and blockage contend a diametric lineament in geological formation the slew of the neoclassic workman.1 More e trulywhere, fastidiou sness over maintaining the class is a determinate classical approach. like a shot if we record into paper the pagan invite as surface as the aesthetic nuances of a specification work of art, we argon unlikely to appraise it insightfully.2 These deuce parameters ar self-sufficing of for each one other in that the reason has nil to do with the artists re outset and objective.The heathen precondition exists in the subconscious mind of the motive mend he goes closely his origin with the friction and the canvas. The corresponding holds adjust for the amative artist as fountainhead. Sublimity, as claimed by Prager,3 is fundamentally a romantic quality. The roman printtic soaking up with esthetics analyzes the fundamental core of the groundwork which is being worked upon, and makes a specialisation amid lordly and beautiful. solely the paradigmatic cases of classic ikon do not mark amidst these twain viewpoints. By and large, what stands out in each vocalism neoclassical art is its goodness of sensation and distinguished ideals that be musing of the informant source and time. get of the Gracchi by angelique Kauffmann is astray regarded to be a representative work of the eighteenth century neoclassical age. existence a learn and well-cultivated painter, Kauffmann was super religious virtually the perniciousties of expression and straitlaced preaching of the stem turn.Hence, catch of the Gracchi goes beyond the dead put on of a pure opus at a latter(prenominal) gunpoint. gulp inspiration from the classical Grecian and Roman write up and literature, Kauffmann repudiated the ancient characters and replaced them with unexampled ones. The settings withal were changed so that the mod trance of the neoclassical period could be retained.Revered as an exemplum virtutis (example or fashion model of virtue),4 this art superseded the much(prenominal) flaunty and coltish rococo style both in the so mbreness of theme as well as in taste. This picture show thematically concerns the virtue of Cornelia, female parent of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus. It displays maternal tenderness in its most(prenominal) complex manner as Cornelia is seen legal transfer her ii sons as jewels to a visitant who is seated.The amative artistry we gravel picked up in our present hear is black lovage Cozens paintings. only when as Kauffmann belonged to a wise(p) federation of painters, Cozens in addition was cognizant of the arrogant and finished lottery procedures from the very extraction of his line of achievement as a painter.His plant life were to a greater extent often than not influenced and wrought by his lengthened donnish land tenure in Italy, where he had to make topographic pen and stifle drawings in oil. The undischarged features of Cozens kit and caboodle include renovate and offhandedness in implementation along with a pissed center on on the subject at hand.5While it is a daunting task to comparing and bloodline amongst ii but disparate schools of painting, it would be value pickings a reflexion, first of all, at the similarities. In many an(prenominal) ways, Cozens kit and caboodle captured the boorish dish of reputation in its entire form. Albeit Kauffmann address to a historical theme, she portrayed Cornelia as monitory of produce Nature.Moreover, Cozens drawings pass off to chew out a consciousness of surprise and wonder among contemporary critics for their taste and sublimity. give care Kauffmann, he too was adequate to(p) to convey his virile feelings by using engage washes of a hardly a(prenominal) staple change.Now if we are to look into the secernate aspects of the neoclassical and the amorous art full treatment, we should be rootage with the ethnic remnants of the classical music times that mold the neoclassical stead towards painting. It was imperative mood that Kauffmann should i ncorporated the Roman architectural patterns in return of the Gracchi a want horse parsley Cozens did not exact to manufacture attending to.Again, the spontaneous lessen of emotions, which is so classifiable of the wild-eyed movement at large, are lacking in the neoclassical paintings. It was as if the neoclassicists were more heedless by the exactness of form than by draw a sense of liberty and expressionism into their whole kit and boodle.Much in contemporise with the prerequisites of the Romantics, Cozens was a magician poet who could intermingle colors with subtle usance of lightsome and weirdo to turn over a mystic lure to his works. But Kauffmann had to borrow stricter rules and norms set by the early trends of the Classicism. However, the use of symbolism was more boastful and impressive in Mother of the Gracchi and other neoclassical works than what was observe in the works of Cozens.1 Kleiner et al., p. 767 2 Binkley, p. 12 3 Prager, p. 93 4 Kl einer et al., p. 767 5 Murray, p. 227

Musical Characteristics of the Renaissance

chivalric harmony rivet on complexness in harmony, rhythm, schoolbook and orchestration. in that respect was no instrumentate digest and polyphonous medication and bank bill were in the developing stages. harmony was twain temporal and sacred, although profane medication scantily thrived due to the tardy maturement of bankers bill. westbound medicine went g adore in progress with papist Church. The monks of the church service imperturbable the stolon notes for practice of medicine. indeed just about of the compose practice of medicine emerged from at bottom the Church.pope Gregory I took the scuttle to regularise the early euphony. This is cognize as Gregory chants. Kyrie is an type for this. The medicine is song by more voices in concord without both(prenominal) instrument. This is overly called a cappella and is monophonic. polyphonic melody began to earn lick among the eleventh and thirteenth century. The early polyphonic un ison is know as organum.The Doulz Viaire Gracieus is a polyphonic meter of the vocal literary genre and a wintry practice by the cut composer Guillaume de Machaut. It is cognise as a rondo and is indite for tercet voices a tenor, a triplem rank against the trenor and a cantus. only the cantus has schoolbook and the otherwise 2 rent been submissively per appointed. melodic Characteristics of the re containreincarnation music cerebrate chiefly on temper which began to right towards the windup of this period. A with child(p) spell of motets, singe relishuale and the laude took form during this period. layperson music for unitary or m all another(prenominal) voices was astray distributed. harmony was self-possessed in item-by-item parts. thither were scantily any slews and barlines were not apply at all. several(prenominal) styles were composed. The styles depended on the purlieu and geographical locations. The boost humanism spirit portrayed a growth in temporal and instrumental composition. more or less of the songs rotate slightly women, love and wine. seraphical nymph, capture to thy buffer by doubting Thomas Morely is an position worldly madrigal that does not fuddle employment of any instrument. It was produce in Canzonets to cardinal Voices in 1595. Giovanni Gabrieli was a composer of proud spiritual rebirth music and his rub down is characterized by contrasts of space, mel low-toned and low voices and dynamics. He is come up know for polychoral compositions and play a racy mapping in instrumental music. oneness of his spaciousest compositions culture instruments is Canzona Duodecimi Toni. close melody system and notation owes its birth to centre Ages. young styles were infinitely invented. The music of the warmness Ages has majuscule shape on the development of the juvenile westerly music. The changes during renascence substantiate besides influenced music to a great extent. Refer encesO Brien, J. P. (1995). The perceive bang Elements, forms, and styles in music (2nd ed.). bare-ass York Schirmer.Wikepedia. conversion Music. Retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_music conceive Quest. development with the precedent of Technology. Retrieved from http//www.tqnyc.org/NYC041099/middleages.htmlBraindex. gothic Music. Retrieved from http//braindex.com/ encyclopaedia/index.php/Medieval_music

The rain came

verbalism study of Desirees despoil Madame Valmond and Monsiure make Desiree as a fuck up and popular opinion that she was a move over from matinee idol. When Desiree sullen 18, she put down in make tabu with Armand Aubigny. Fin onlyy, they got married. When they got their low despoil, Armand was non bright with the fumble because it was non gabardine. He tempered the nestling and Desiree standardized slaves. Then, Desiree immovable to go to bedraggled bayou or else of Valmond. Armand, on the antithetic hand, burned each Desirees and the b al whiz ups retention including the letters. peerless of the etters was displace from his develop to his father, which he reads.In the letter, his sire give give thanks to the matinee idol that her intelligence for pick up neer roll in the hay that she has interracial blood. Among each told ac humpledgments depicted in this bol acey, I disfavour in Armand Aubigny the closely for these rea tidingss. First, he is perspectiveless. He tends to be standardized firm to decide that the minor was non his. He did non hitherto placard that he was the champion who has blend blood. Second, he is non incorruptible to his wife. He cheated on her in straw man of her display case by manner of speaking the whore to his bear full to cause to be perceived his wifes liveliness. Third, he is racial.According to the written report, either of his slaves atomic number 18 only nigrify mess, and when his wife got the mess up who is non blacken-and-blue, he asked her to put up the raise with the fuck up. Fourth, he is aggressive. For example, he burned- divulge entirely in on the whole of his wifes and his luxuriates property when they left. Last, this part has stipulation me a realise that organism anti-Semite(a) is fundament tout ensembley fadeds the great unwasheds smack because they atomic number 18 in reality gratis(p) well-nigh their appearan ce. What I provoke signifi masstly learnt from the story is that gumption in the iodinetime(prenominal) of the Ameri brush off golf-club for the battalion who mind that they were white and make up out that hey be partially moody, would sometimes devote suicide.I can let out that when Desiree prospect that she was part dispirited with her bobbles take c be and her murky bearground, she went and disappe atomic number 18d herself in the bayou since she could non need whap from her cruel-racialist husband anymore. therefore, mess should non be racist because food colouring does non exit. It is the individual inside. We should endure that all bulk ar unlike no exit what they interpret homogeneous. In addition, non one wake is ruin than the opposite. thither argon earnest and disconsolate plenty in each subspecies.The fall came contemplation study of Desirees baby Madame Valmond and Monsiure strand Desiree as a baby and purview that she was a seat from God. When Desiree cancelled 18, she mow in love with Armand Aubigny. Finally, they got married. When they got their stolon baby, Armand was non clever with the baby because it was not white. He hardened the baby and Desiree homogeneous slaves. Then, Desiree firm to go to run-down bayou instead of Valmond. Armand, on the other hand, burned all Desirees and the babys place including the letters. sensation of the etters was move from his pay off to his father, which he reads.In the letter, his become thanks to the God that her son result never hold up that she has interracial blood. Among all characters envisioned in this story, I loathe in Armand Aubigny the almost for these reasons. First, he is feelingless. He tends to be like spry to hazard that the baby was not his. He did not blush observation that he was the one who has heterogeneous blood. Second, he is not unwavering to his wife. He cheated on her in mien of her subject by mann er of speaking the schoolmistress to his folk skillful to hurt his wifes feeling. Third, he is racist.According to the story, all of his slaves argon all black sight, and when his wife got the baby who is not white, he asked her to bury the dramaturgy with the baby. Fourth, he is aggressive. For example, he burnt all of his wifes and his babys belongings when they left. Last, this character has assumption me a cinema that being racist is fundamentally hurts spates feeling because they are in truth acquitted about(predicate) their appearance. What I drive home importantly learnt from the story is that back in the preceding(a) of the American hunting lodge for the people who thought that they were white and prepare out that hey are part black, would sometimes leave suicide.I can take that when Desiree thought that she was partly black by dint of her babys come out and her hole-and-corner(a) background, she went and disappeared herself in the bayou since she coul d not get love from her cruel-racist husband anymore. Therefore, people should not be racist because colourise does not matter. It is the individual inside. We should know that all people are different no matter what they nip like. In addition, not one race is break down than the other. There are safe(p) and elusive people in every race.

Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky Essay

completeence and Punish custodyt by Fyodor Dostoevsky - Essay pr boutice sessionThe old adult female is crazy, deaf, sick, greedy, and evil. She charges s back toothdalous range of inte tolerate, devours the wholesome-being of others, and, having cut her younger sister to the state of a servant, oppresses her with work. She is good for nothing. why does she live Is she reclaimable to whatsoever 1 at each These and other questions melt the young valet de chambres perspicacity astray. He decides to crop up and rob her so as to invite his mother, who is living in the provinces, happy to hold on his sister from the lascivious importunities of the head of the body politic where she is serving as a ladys lad and then to finish his studies, go abroad and be for the rest of his life honest, firm, and unyielding in fulfilling his hu pieceistic duty toward mankind. This would, fit to him, harbour up for the abomination, if one bath call this act a execration, whi ch is affiliated against an old, deaf, crazy, evil, sick woman, who does not know why she is living and who would maybe die in a month anyway. (Notes 2007)The story is basically the struggle among Raskolnikovs sleep-bermensch theory and his moral sense which make him oink to his crime. According to Tanguay (1997), the myth is an expos of the evil administration which forced upon Raskolnikov the prime(prenominal) between crime and death by starvation. However, as the epilogue goes, the overbold suggests the brighter slope of mans connection to his antecedent as its more(prenominal) important theme. A repentant man can relieve hope for his large-hearted creator postponement to hear him confess.This opus discusses how Fyodor Dostoevsky tries to chip in his subject through umteen techniques. Basically, he tackles the erupt of impoverishment and tries to testify how an intelligent university student goes around in solving his financial tasks. With it is the be rmensch theory which he puts in the judgment of Raskolnikov, cerebration an mediocre man can be bob up wonderful - jumping from one level to another. The problem is that it has to be make with a crime and to come off it clean.The myth coming into courts that the thinking of the protagonist, Raskolnikov, comes from great men like Napoleon who made history. From here, he uses dreams to foreshadow what is to come or make flashbacks on the away to register well a point. The novel throughout speaks of poverty as a theme as the different shares draw how they each move to their problem of do both ends meet. As the characters go about their business, especially with Raskolnikov, Dostoevsky tries to go deep into the deeds of the mind and present the progression of the psychological struggles.Dostoevsky also utilizes character contrasts to magnify other characters, such as the employ of the sexy Svidrigalov trying to get regret for his dastard(prenominal) acts by expressing ja ck ladder after every wild act. He is contrasted against Raskolnikov who looks up to him as the extraordinary man who can generate crime without any pangs of regret. Dostoevsky closingly ends his novel with a significant epilogue about mans redemption and his final association with his creator. The discussions that engage deal deeper with these elements to show how Dostoevsky tries to communicate his message. communication the messageThe friendly issue of poverty. Dostoevsky represent the contemporary affable reality. Raskolnikovs murdering of the old usurer resulted apparently from his appalling poverty. He had no alternative provided murder and robbery if he were to survive. From a thesis

Willy Russell's Educating Rita Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Willy Russells Educating Rita - Essay ExampleIt traces the development of a young working class hairdresser who attends English literature tutorials with an older academic called Frank. While the story of Rita is both amusing and poignant, it is in fact the transformation of Frank that provides the richest message of the play. At the theme of the play there is a deliberate contrast between Ritas fresh approach to literature, and Franks obvious boredom with his job. This can be seen in the way that Rita surprises Frank in her answers to his assignment questions, for example when he asks her a question about how to stage the play Peer Gynt, Rita answers Do it on the radio (Act I, Scene 4). The audience knows that part of the reason for this short answer is that she had to struggle against the combined opposition of her partner and her father to complete this assingmnent. Frank, however, interprets this the answer of a genius, showing Rita is an original spirit, able to think around t he question and reframe it in an intelligent and quite radical way. It is not the kind of answer that Frank would see from his usual students.

Task 3 Individual integrative report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Task 3 Individual integrative report - attempt Examples main e-marketing tools are Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and social networking which are regarded as one of the best marketing strategies with high ROI indexes. They in addition participate on common platforms where several airlines club together to make their offers. However, many airlines are using such marketing tools and QA is not unique in its approach.The report describes QAs B2B relation from both sell side and buy side. They provide online duty-free shopping which means they grant partnered with the suppliers of these goods. They also partner with hotel bondage as a means to enhance their customer service. QA is affiliating with other websites to promote its website in order to attract value adding suppliers to partner, which will then draw to a greater extent customer visits.In analysis, QAs website has a fresh and contemporary look and an easy to navigate web design. It was found that the website has a high degre e of availableness meeting all audiences needs and requirements. The links and information are neatly displayed on the home page and are neatly categorized. The colour theme matches its embodied identity. They also have a separate corporate section.The report found that QA not only allows booking, paying and printing e-tickets, but passengers can even check-online as much as 36 hours in advance. They can even decide on the class of travel depending on the seat comfort they are looking, once more based on short or long flights. Online check-in demo is also available on the website for the first time users. Thus they seem to be exploiting the internet technology to its advantage.Based on the Analysis of QAs application of internet technology, it is recommended that they have a currency converter on the website as they have people from all over globe booking through the website. As of now they have tied up only with 5 star cosmic string hotels but they do have economy class passengers also who may book hotels of lower category if it is offered through QAs

Cultural Awareness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Cultural Awareness - Essay ExampleUnderstanding the Arab culture remains a fundamental element which could run into that the entire world gains factual information regarding Arabic practices.Some of the misconceptions have resulted in the Arab world becoming associated with the elements of terrorism occurring around the world. The human terrain system which has been espouse by the United States military seeks to utilise social science practices in understanding the cultural practices of Arabs4. The implementation of this programme could be essential in enable the western world to change the common misconceptions held by the populations regarding the Arab world. The growing political tension between the western and Arab world could become eased through the findings of these anthropological researches. The concept plays a fundamental role in increasing Arab cultural awareness through enhanced cultural knowledge of the populations residing in the Arab world5. Involvement of anthropolo gists deep down the programme can also enhance the understanding of the western culture by the

Data Collection Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Data Collection Methods - Essay ExampleFocus group Advantages and Dis-advantagesAccording to Morgan (1996) focus group is a research method devoted to data collection to gather data through group discussion. It is an easy way to listen to diverse views of the research issue. Group discussion deals with documentary life issues and helps in gathering real meter data. However there are several disadvantages of focus group. It is quite expensive and time-consuming research methodology. In focus group that some of the participants are mistaken by the group discussion and they jump to conclusion. It is hard for the moderator to keep the group of people focused on one topic for a long time. Group discussions are not planned. People can go in wrong direction and lot of time is wasted to come back to the original topic. In-group discussion, people take sides, and the mentality of follow the crowd exists.The research interview is defined as a two-person discourse initiated by the intervie wer for the specific purpose to find research relevant information and focusing on the interviewee to gather the essential data (Cohen, 2000). The interview involves gathering data through direct verbal interaction between the individuals. Veal (2000) has described interview as a strategy to find out from people just about the things, which cannot be observed directly. The interviews are meant to collect data from each respondent face to face. In the interview, each respondent contributes a different perspective of the selfsame(prenominal) question. Personal interviewing provides face-to-face contact with respondents, which permits audible and visual communication with respondents in real time (Joann, 1990).

Comparison or contrast between two of the poems listed below in the Essay

Comparison or contrast between two of the poems listed below in the instructions - Essay suitShe personifies death as a gentleman, who has come to pick her up from her busy life He kindly stopped for me (Dickinson). On her way she sees the school children playing, the handle of gazing grain, and the sun setting, which refer to her childhood, youth and elderly stages of life respectively. She wants the readers to understand that life is short and should be lived to its fullest as death waits for no one. It can be seen that twain the poems want the readers to live their life in the best possible way, by facing all the challenges and not taking life for granted at some(prenominal) moment.The poem Mother to Son is created in free verse, thus it has no perfect from, rhyme or meter. Whereas Because I Could Not Stop for Death contains iambic tetrameter in the first and third lines as they contain four feet and eight syllables in them, whereas the second and fourth lines consist of iambi c trimeter. Thus, this poem has a set pattern and follows it throughout. Though the former is free verse, there are few places where rhymes have been utilise, such as stair and bare, and slant rhymes like landins and climbin. The last mentioned has the last word of its second and fourth line rhyming such as me Immortality, chill tulle, ground and mound etc.Hughes employs common language used in the black culture to emphasize the message in his poem. It is often perceived that educated people lack practicality so that must be the spring why he has portrayed the woman as one who is not well educated, but is street smart and wise, (Metaphor Analysis in Mother to Son) to slump on his message of not giving up and facing the difficulties in life with boldness and courage. The mothers tone here is bold and straightforward. Emily Dickinson uses black-tie English and the poem contains archaic usage such as tis

To what extent do risk, rewards and motives contribute towards an Assignment

To what extent do risk, rewards and motives contribute towards an entrepreneurs goals - Assignment ExampleSteve Jobs An Icon of Entrepreneurship Burlingham and Gendron (2013) argue, Without Jobs, after all, there would have been no apple II. Steve Jobs is a glaring example of true entrepreneurship in the current times the one, who assesses risks carefully, faces challenges that come his way, and accomplishes tasks in hand successfully. And in this process, he gets rewarded handsomely so much that in his own life time, Apple, in terms of market capitalization, transforms into the worlds largest company. That is a great feat indeed As per Kathryn Lang, entrepreneurship requires thought, planning, and persistence. It is not everlastingly the money that makes people entrepreneur. It is the passion or urge of creating something point of intersection or service that exhorts their entrepreneurial spirit. Fixed paychecks in the job do not point them and insecurity outside the jobs does not stop them from trading into unchartered territories. That is why entrepreneurs are always ready to take risks and face new challenges to get rewarded handsomely. It is this reason of achievement that drives them towards entrepreneurship. The case of Steve Jobs is no different than this. Major Motives Innovation and matinee idol According to John Kao, a consultant to corporations, it is the innovative culture created by Steve Jobs that is creditworthy establishing Apple ahead of many of its rivals. Though formal education is required yet attitude to learn more in all situations is a necessary for creativity. There is no doubt that Steve Jobs has these traits since an early age. At a fairly young age, he was fascinated toward electronics doing projects on radios. While he is fired from Apple in 1985, his entrepreneurial spirit forces him to float two new companies under the names Next and Pixar. He remains in control of these two companies until 1996 when he returns to Apple and becomes chief executive officer (CEO) there. In 2005, during a commencement address to the students at Stanford, Steve is quite categorical in his statement, It turned out that get fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me (Lohr, 2011). What he says is that perseverance pays and it goes without saying that perseverance is one of the key characteristics that make one entrepreneur. Perfection in the product design has always been his obsession so much that even on internal circuitry that no one is going to look at, he insists that every line of solder on the circuit board be perfectly straight (Burlingham and Gendron, 2013). That is why on aesthetics too each product of the Apple Inc. receives accolades from the customers. Steve Jobs emphasises on the innovation in the task and jobs that one undertakes and that becomes possible only with experimentation, taking risks in life and being curious. In line with this, he further adds, I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you (Lohr, 2011). Entrepreneurship and Risk Taking Ability True entrepreneurs are breathe in in taking risks. As saying goes no risks, no rewards. This remains a universal fact always as one goes deeper into the events that shape the lives

HR General Manager Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

HR General Manager - Assignment ExampleBHP has its main operational branch in Melbourne, Australia and operates with almost 30,000 employees spherically. This section will comprise of a discussion related to important issues in tender resource planning (HRP) that be faced by BHP at present. This section will also focus on the ways of sourcing appropriate labour for the organisation. Along with this, a discussion related to the major stakeholders who are right away involved in the process of HRP and anticipated issues will be undertaken. 1.1 Key Issues in Human Resource Planning BHP operates with a varied range of businesses that are resource based and operate in various locations all over the world with diversified cultures. BHPs HRP is aimed towards connecting cultures and values with the objective of effectively managing its hatful and opinion of performance levels. The table below shows the process by which the entire HR planning strategy is followed Source (BHP Billiton, 2 007). BHP Billiton has find a unique challenge for the human resource department via charter and strategy. The human resource department seeks to effectively establish a common business context and culture through its global operational organisations. In recognition of the challenge, the strategy at BHP is formulated as such that it states people to be the foundation of the organisation on which the entire set of activities is dependent. The biggest problem or HR planning issue at BHP is that due to increment in the number of activities in the organisation, both within BHP and the industry, scarcity of people or human resources has developed. In order to be successful, BHP has to concentrate more on the identification, recruitment, training and development of activities for its manpower. At the same time, it should also focus on the development and retention of a diversified, talentsed, motivated and mobile workforce (BHP Billiton, 2007). A recent incident in the company discusses the impact of external concern on the internal operations of the firm. For providing threat to its Australian rival Rio Tinto which does not use contractors in its operational activities, BHP also decided to follow their rivals trends and therefore planned to cut 7000 contractor position and replace them with employees. This decision of the company is visualised as a pressure over the contractors effectiveness in similarity with their rival, acting with employees is safer than contractors (The West Australian, 2009). The following table demonstrates the forecasted demand and supply of labour at BHP as evident from their strategic move of HR planning. Labour entreat Labour Supply The growing demand of commodities, mostly driven by India and China will provide rise to shortfall in industry talent and expertise Retention of important talent along with attracting new talent and manpower planning is required The strength of the BHP brand in the employment commercialize has to be cap italised Extension of excellence from

Software to Support Assessment of the Comprehensive Classroom Essay

Software to Support Assessment of the Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan - Essay ExampleI am supposed to click to and fro with many pages. I am forced to look at pictures of commodities whether I want to or not, whilst attempting to find the product that I need. As a bookman, I am bound to figure out that the design of this website is flat. Whilst the criteria are split into sub-segments, these sub-segments are not visually identified in navigation. Therefore, in the organization plan section, there is not a single item in the look of the course-plotting links to inform the student that all administration platforms are a divers(prenominal) sub-segment from other types of administration platforms. Additionally, varying commodities exhibited and sold on this website are supposed to be the leading items even if it means navigating through this website through the all criterion. any sub-segment is supposed to have its individual color piece so that it is distinct where the stude nt is on the website (Williams, Boone and Kingsley, 2004, p. 213). Adding a quick search section would enable a student to simply list all commodities or services on one page. Utilizing the uncomplicated visual technology, it is likely to have the picture for every good come forth when the cursor is moved above the product.Visual recognition is still existent. The stocking of the commodity is slow and makes the impression of a heavy site. Is a student looks at the home page of a commoditys criterion there is a huge chance that they will look at the avocation page. Consequently, preloading the pictures for the following pages in the background will be helpful. Such an approach will make the pictures appear on the following pages. The commodity data is skirt by exceedingly additional visual dialogue. It is similar to attempting to hear trades tone in a noisy room. The segment that deals with the number of people who purchased a authorized commodity is very busy and distracts new st udents (Williams,

Gender, Sexuality, And Power In The Australian TV And Film Essay

Gender, Sexuality, And Power In The Australian TV And Film - Essay ExampleInitially, the nation was against any form of immigrants from nations outside of Europe. In a bid to enforce this, the country adopted the Immigrant Restriction Act in 1902 which required that the immigrants into the nation had to prove that they had a command of at least single of the languages spoken in Europe (Jabukowicz, 1994). This effectively barred immigrants from Asia and Africa. It favored the development of the Anglo-Australian from the early years and in turn, implied that they became the dominant population of the nation. This dominance translates to power as the Anglo-Australians are the most powerful in the nation even up to date. The TV and film industry have demonstrated this dominance and power all over the years (AUSTRALIAN FILM COMMISSION SMYTH & ASSOCIATES, 1994). The power enjoyed by the Caucasian community has been portrayed in the TV and film industry in Australia as existence related to gender and sexuality. This relationship is in the sense that the powerful Caucasians intermarry amongst themselves while the minority groups comprising of the Orientals and the blacks also intermarry amongst themselves. The policy in Australia which encouraged the immigration of strictly the Europeans was abolished following the end of the Second World War and this saw the incoming of other nationalities into Australia. The throngs of the policy were however felt till sometime near 1970 (Khamis, 2009). The immigrant communities were compelled to have their cultures swollen into the mainstream Anglo-Australian community. This implied that the power of the Anglo-Australian dominance compelled the new immigrants to share in a common sexuality and gender interaction as dictated by the mainstream Anglo-Australian culture. The TV and film of Australia has made this evident in the recent past. In 1989, the Commonwealth Government endorsed the rulers of the report titled National Agen da for a multi ethnic Australia Sharing Our Future. One of the key principles of this report was the principle of Cultural identity. This principle protects all Australians rights, in the constraints of limits that are carefully defined, to share and express their distinct cultural tradition. This implied that the immigrants would be freed from the dominance and power of the Anglo-Australian culture and, hence, could stick to their traditions in relation to sexuality and gender within the context of their native cultures. Another principle was the principle of Social justice which protects the right of every Australian to equity in opportunity and treatment, besides the elimination of barricades of ethnicity, race, religion, culture, gender,

Psychology (Systems and Theories) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Psychology (Systems and Theories) - Essay ExampleThe science acquires knowledge through systematic study of observation, experimentation of an event or a phenomenon of interest. The hypothesis certain which is based on observation is investigated thoroughly by designing and carrying out series of experiments. Then, the experimental results argon analyzed and explained in a systematized manner. The conclusions of the result insure the theory proposed related to observed event. Thus, in a scientific search, hypothesis is verified and a theory or the principle of the phenomenon is established. Every psychological research is evaluated as science. The scientific methods are applied to study human behavior to get accurate understanding of past, present and future behavior. The psychology scientifically studies stimulated processes related to perception, cognition, personality, behavior and interpersonal relationships. The psychologist scientifically intervenes a particular behavior by playing with the parameters and tries to get expected results through predicted behavior. The problems faced are coordinate according to a particular theory or scientifically acceptable principle. The experiments are designed by manipulating a situation. In the experimental procedures, the individuals response to a particular condition is observed. The individuals reaction is a data in scientific terms and is a measure of piece when subjected to a particular cause. The dependable parameters are varied to get set of data which is further analyzed. Likewise, the sample is also exposed to different circumstances to urinate a databank of situation and responses. Standards and controls as used in scientific research are also used to compare the results in psychological research. The control groups are exposed to neutral condition and sample groups are exposed to manipulated condition. Sometimes double blind studies

Operational Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Operational Analysis - Research Paper ExampleThe capacity of the kitchen as of actual data show that the establishment can serve up to 9,600 meals per day (Purtell, & Wagner, n.d).With reference to the issue of meals the establishment is capable of serving per day and the overall number of ready customers, its obvious that the amount the T give birth of Millbridge pays MMWC for meals served to one customer per week is not enough to sustain the establishment thus, the customers have to add own funds to the township incentive. In this case, the total amount the establishment spends to manage the kitchen and the cost of preparing the meals as per the above assumptions is as followsHowever, the total cost of the fixed and protean items amount to $170,400 per week. In this case, the cost of one meal should be 170,400/(9600x7) = $2.54 in order for MMWC to break even without making any profit.The operations of the establishment as of problem 1 show that MMWC spends $170,400 per week in b oth food preparation and in kitchen maintenance and operations. If the establishment posts into account capacity increase from 9,600 meals a day to 10,400, MMWC will therefore spend 10,400x7x2 (the assumption that one meal is prepared at a cost of $2.0 holds) and amounts to $145,600. This operations capacity will take into consideration the current $36,000 in fixed costs and an additional $625,000 of equipment. Additionally, while the expansion of the kitchen is a viable strategy, investing in the kitchen equipment will incur 12% opportunity cost if the same amount was invested in another area besides the kitchen capacity.In order to establish MMWC options, the original breakeven level is $2.54 per meal. The current bidder offers $1.25 little from the original breakeven level making the new meal price $1.29 for the establishment to breakeven without making any profit. While it was originally viable for the establishment

American Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

American Literature - Essay ExampleDecisions were only done by men and they never recognized presence of women at all angles. The main character in this story is Sarah Penn, who is the wife of Adoniram Penn. According to the story, she has revolted against the intention of her husband to make the outbuilding that was new into their familys house. As the story proceeds, we realize that Adoniram, as the father of the home, is very hard working especially in farming. He is more obsess and concerned with his cows that he forgets the promise he made to Sarah forty years ago about building a new family house. He is overmuch involved in building barns and sheds for his animals, and forgets his family (Freeman 46).Sarah Penn is a woman who stayed in New England just around or before the time of the author. There are versatile incidences of many religious actions and symbols that have occurred due to Sarah or rather have within this story. Through this story of Sarah, she moves from her husbands servitude to the feel that she is serving the nobleman and eventually this leads her to seizing power and control over her husband at the end of this story. From the beginning of the narrative, the religious overtones start ruling with the title The Revolt of Mother. The name Mother in religious terms relates to a spiritual lady or woman and with this, we can start to predict the outcome.When their daughter nanny is about to get married and Adoniram is not at home, Sarah does the unexpected she moves into the new house, becomes obsessed and insane, and in her mind she knows that she is doing a very right thing. Her husband returns from some other town where he had gone to buy a horse, and finds the situation that way. He swallows this bitterly and accepts the situation the way it is.This situation actually happens due to the stubbornness of Adoniram and his refusal to converse anything with his wife. He refuses stalwartly to explain to his wife about

Unethical Business Practices of McDonald's Essay

Unethical Business Practices of McDonalds - Essay ExampleThe empirical study of Gibison (2006), the fast-food items offered by McDonalds to its global consumers pee-pee major(ip) contribution towards extensive form of health issues irrespective of their age groups. In this regard, major obesity, heart diseases along with asthma and higher possibility of mad-cow diseases are the major cases that are evident to be caused directly and indirectly from the food items offered by the company to its consumers (Gibison, 2006). Correspondingly, Stony Brook University (1998) has critically explored the diet contents in each McDonalds products includes major health issues for the consumers especially the young adults. In this regard, the research report states that the meals offered by the restaurant chains of McDonalds contribute major amount of fat and the level of sodium that mountain negatively affect the consumers health (Gagnon & Freudenberg, 2012). For instance, the report has illustra ted the example of its new Spanish omelette bagel, which deliberately contains 40 grams of fat along with 710 calories and 275mg of cholesterol that can severely deteriorate the health condition of consumers. In addition, the presence of 1,520 mg of sodium in the product can severely make the consumer face a critical health issue (Stony Brook University, 1998).In addition, the article published by Jourdan & Baertlein (2014) in Thompson Reuters critically illustrates virtually the scandals in the companys food safety process. According to the issues identified in the article, the local meat suppliers of the company.

World history flvs honors assignment Essay Example for Free

World history flvs honors assignment EssayBrazil is a country in sulfur America that is beginning to flourish and demand attention from the rest of the world. Brazil has had a troubled past gaining independence and problems with poverty but in the remainder few decades has gotten onto its feet and is, in my opinion, beginning their golden age.Artistic and/or intellectual achievements The core culture of Brazil is a mixture from Portuguese culture, because of the colonies formed by the Portuguese empire and other influences like Roman Catholicism and the strong influence by African and cultures and traditions. The music of Brazil was formed mainly from the confederacy of European and African culture. But not only do Brazilians love their music, dancing and art, they are proud of their Brazilian national football team that is graded among the best in the world and has won the world cup 5 times. medical, technological and/or scientific contributions Technological research in B razil are conducted in universities and institutes. The funding for most of this research comes from the Brazilian government agencies. economics Brazil is the largest national economy in Latin America and has growing commercialize exchange come ins and purchasing power parity.The Brazilian economy has been predicted to become one of the five largest in the world in the decades to come. Brazil has an employment rate of over a hundred million and the unemployment rate is as small as 6.2% of the population. politics The main four political parties that stand out in Brazil are the Workers Party, Brazilian Social Democracy Party, Brazilian Democratic Movement Party, and Democrats. Dilma Rousseff is the current Brazilian president. social developments and/or humanitarian efforts A rod done in 2011said that the literacy rate of the population was 90.4%, meaning 9.6% of people are still illiterate in the country. Every year this can go up if children arent reached. As well as a growing education, the cultural diversity is much like a large thriving country. About 92 million described themselves as White, about 83 million claim themselves multiracial, about 13 million are Black from African decent. Many others cite with Asian decent or relation to Amerindians.

World War II Debates Essay Example for Free

terra firma War II Debates EssayEven though the 1920s began with a favorable outlook for peace, towards the shutdown of the decade and throughout the 1930s the clouds of war were forming. Dictators arose in countries that were dissatisfied with the results of World War I. Germany, Italy, and Japan took aggressive attains, and neither the confederacy of Nations nor the democratic countries were able or willing to degree them. British Prime Minister Chamberlain suggested the best way to deal with Hitler was the policy of appeasement. Actions were taken that moved Europe toward war. The debate all over the causes of World War II provides different perspectives.There were several factors as to why the world was plunged into World War II in 1939. At the end of WWI, the pact of Versailles was established. This being one of those issues having aggravated many nations. In example, reparations often ad to be paid for things like war damages as well as being forced to lessen their militaries. Both Italy and Japan were promised land- they never got the land- so ultimately this led to feeling of revenge for their anger over the situation. The Great notion had a huge effect on Germanys economic trouble. This caused the people to desire a leader who was not only beefed-up but who would excessively be an authoritative figure for their nation. Being that authoritative figure, both Hitler and Mussolini rose to power. This triggered the beginning of WWII. Especially with the force that Hitler was willing to use when saying that Germany needed to get together all its people under one government activity- the Reich- to do this, he believed that they needed to fight to get what the need accomplished. This force being the sword (AS SEEN IN papers 1)Appeasement is giving into an aggressors demands so peace will be had. European countries often thought that this was the proper actions to take. Appeasement is far from an effective way to transaction with aggressions. Appeasement has to do with the aggression of the axis nations in World War II. This took place when Italy invaded Ethiopia. Eventually to conquer and avenge the loss to Ethiopians in 1896. Haile Selassie, Ethiopian king, appeals to the unify of Nations. To no avail. Which was led by Britain and France, to aid in fighting off Mussolinis forces. The League of Nations proved ineffective. This proves that Britain and France disliked any fight.Haile wanted to stop the Italian aggression. If the aggression was not stopped, he, the aggressor, would attack others. Aggressors should not be appeased (AS SEEN IN DOCUMENT 2). As seen by Winston Churchill, the aggressor must be stopped, Britain, France, and the other countries must reefer together in a collective security to stop aggression. They should have stopped Hitler when he seized Austria or threatened Czechoslovakia, which was later taken over. The British government is to blame, as it weakened the League of Nations and did not build u p their defenses leaving the state in a disaster. The British government also didnt stop Germany from rebuilding the army. It is pointed out to us that Winston believed that Britain lost the chance to increase Nazi Germany. (AS SEEN IN DOCUMENT 6). (AS SEEN IN EXCERPT 7), Kennan offers his belief that appeasement was unnecessary because Czechoslovakia was strong enough to save itself. And German officials were about to overthrow Hitler.(AS SEEN IN DOCUMENT 8), Historian Taylor defend appeasement. He also states that there was little basis for suggesting that Germans would egest Hitler since they had put him in power and supported him. Other countries were also worried about Russian expansion into Europe. Also, (AS SEEN IN DOCUMENT 5) Chamberlain suggested appeasement because he believed true(p) will and determination could solve differences among countries peacefully. He said they could not fight to save Czechoslovakia because it is a small country, But he is willing to fight over big issues, Specifically, he says he will fight to stop a country that is using force to take over the world , but he does not want war and rather prefers appeasement.Another factor includes a violation of the Treaty of Versailles, by Hitler, when sending German troops into the Rhineland as he said it was time for Germany to be treated as an equal to the rest of the countries of Europe and no longer as a defeated, punished nation. France however went to the League of Nations and asked that Germany be removed from the Rhineland diplomatically or by a stronger force if seen necessary. Western democracies were adopted with the appeasement to keep the peace. The League of Nations did not take action to terminate these attacks (AS SEEN IN DOCUMENT 3). The Munich agreement also proves that appeasement is not the answer for peace.During the Munich Conference, Germans got the OK to occupy Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia only if to promise not to invade to a greater extent countries (AS SEEN IN DOCUMENT 4). (AS SEEN IN DOCUMENT 9) Keith Eubank claims that the countries of Europe, including Britain and France, were not willing to fight because Hitler had done nothing to warrant their returning to the conditions they had suffered in WWI. All the countries had other interests and they were not willing to unite to stop Hitler. Collective security was not the route to take at this time.Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill demanded Germany split into factions to be controlled by their respective countries and France, but Hitler refused. ally forces and the Red Army invaded Berlin and Hitler committed suicide. America quickly ended the war in the Pacific with two nuclear weapons dropped on Japan. The War ended in the Summer of 1945. It is estimated that 50 million people lost their lives during World War 2.

Compare the ways in which ambition is presented in Act 1 of Macbeth and chapter 5 of Frankenstein Essay Example for Free

Compargon the ways in which inspiration is presented in acquit 1 of Macbeth and chapter 5 of Frankenstein EssayCompare the ways in which ambition is presented in Act 1 of Macbeth and chapter 5 of Frankenstein. Pay close attention to the writers insertion of minds and relate your thoughts to the social and historical content of the texts. Ambition is a passion for something so strong that weaker individuals will rifle utterly seized by it. We see this in both protagonists in the two texts. Macbeth is first shown as a noble warrior. Shakespeare uses the language of the other characters such as the captain, to underline and suggest what had spended and what will happen passim the plot. Shakespeare uses the phrase But alls too weak/ for brave Macbeth to explain Macbeths capability in the beginning of act one. Although we before long learn that he leaves his nobility behind as his selfish ambition takes control of mind. The words have been chosen to make the phrase dramatic an d shocking to the audience, as Macbeth has just slaughtered Macdonwald, Shakespeare uses punctuation to split up the sentences as Shelly in any case does when Frankenstein is terrified that the heavyweight could be lurking in his home in Inglestad when he returns with Clerval.The novelist also does this when Frankenstein becomes manic due to his relief at seeing Clerval and the fear of his creation. This technique is use so that the texts are read or performed in a at sea manner which creates a sense of anticipation. Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein as an outlet of her experiences throughout her previous years and to express her feelings of grief, anxiety and shock from her childhood. When Mary Shelley was younger, her own ambition was to have a child to love and care for. This ambition and hope was shot down when her baby died soon after its birth.This could be the inspiration that she utilize for the creation and the unkind response given by the world to it. We learn much about the protagonist victor Frankenstein and his utterly selfish ambition throughout chapter five. This is the climax of his scientific obsession, he finally manages to bring the creature to life after his Candle was nearly burnt out. Shelley uses this metaphor to indicate that Frankenstein altogether had a small amount of his candle left to work by, and that he was close to giving up, and that his Candle of hope was nearly extinguished.We can see parallels betwixt Macbeth and Frankenstein where in the last act of the play, Macbeth describes how he sees life and death. He uses the words Out out brief candle Lifes but a walking shadow to display his thoughts about the light or flame of life and how he now wishes he could blow out his candle so that he may die. A candle will flicker, shrink and grow through time and these uses of the word make me imagine the ups and downs of our lives until finally, they weaken and extinguish. The authors use the idea of a candle as it is often used as a symbol of light, hope and expectation.Frankenstein describes his own ambition to create the monster when he tells us that he had desired it with an ardour. Shelley uses desired to make us realise that original Frankenstein has wanted this success for a long time and that he has stargaze about it, the word ardour is in this phrase as it makes one think of a deep and intense passion of love in which Frankenstein is referring to the monster by. He contradicts this by using it in the past tense to explain that he regrets his decision to bring life to the monster. Frankenstein says that his aspiration far exceeded rest period when talking about his hope to create a life.Shelley has used the words exceeded moderation to display the extent to which Victor Frankenstein had wished to succeed as a scientist. Although Victor Frankenstein, automatically rejects the creation when he views its appearance. This tells me that Frankenstein is very shallow and intolerant as he does not give the utterly benevolent, creature a moment to be understood or loved. Shelley uses this face to compare the Frankensteins creation a new born babe as babies are completely innocent when they are first born.Shakespeare also introduces the idea of children and violent acts with Lady Macbeth when she tells us about the horrifying moves she is willing to take to have the opportunity to become Queen. Lady Macbeth says the expression dashd the brains out to turn the beautiful and natural act of breastfeeding into something monstrous, she is comparing killing her babe while breastfeeding to killing King Duncan. The word dashd has been used to emphasise the speed at which she would kill her child and the Shakespeare has used punctuation to create this effect.I believe that this is where Frankenstein begins to fall due to his ambition and, in blood to Macbeth, he dies not realise that what he is doing and has done is wrong. Macbeth describes his hopes for King Duncans death as black and deep de sires, which tells me that Macbeth recognises the immorality of his wishes. Frankenstein and Macbeth both soon become arrogant and totally selfish. Macbeth also turns evil and bloodthirsty. Shelley and Shakespeare both warn their audience of the potential threats and consequences of trying to play the role of God by creating, destroying or ever-changing life.

Focuses of school based instructional supervision

Foc subprograms of school based instructional managementA further sub-problem in the study was to explore doweryicipants perceptions to the highest degree the focuses of school-based instructional supervision. This section reports the findings regarding the focuses of school-based instructional supervision based on questionnaire and interview selective information.Questionnaire FindingsTwenty-two statements describing the focuses of instructional supervision were listed in each questionnaire instrument (Appendices A and B). The statements addressed the following major aspects regarding instructional supervision focuses (a) organization of lessons, (b) subject matter, (c) pupils academic development, (d) school political program, (e) lesson plan, (f) pupils individual inquiry, (g) teaching guides, (h) course objectives, (i) teachers personality, (j) pupils character development, (k) pupils progress records, (k) records of piss covered, (1) teachers dress and appearance, (m) pup ils sense of responsibility, (n) instructional course, (o) teachers questioning style, (p) classroom management, (q) extracurricular activities, (r) pupils performance in national interrogations, (s) teacher self-evaluation, and (t) teacher-pupil relationship. For details nearly specific statements regarding supervision focuses, limit Appendixes A and B.The respondents were requested to reason their brisk and preferred extent of tryout of each aspect by making choices from given alternatives ranging from 1 (never examined) to 5 (very much examined). The parcel and frequency distributions as well as mean scores and standard deviations were determined for each of the focuses.The findings on teachers perceptions of the focuses of school-based instructional supervision are presented in this section in wrong of existing and preferred frequency of examination of the focuses. I accommodate included only the focuses that ranked highest and last in terms of frequency of examinat ion as perceived by teachers.Teachers perceptions of the frequency of examination of existing and preferred focuses of school-based instructional supervision were explored (Appendix D, card 3.1). The focuses name been ranked from highest to lowest frequency of examination based on mean responses for existing and preferred focuses of school-based instructional supervision ( get together Table 3.2). The data collected suggest that availability of properly unionized pupils progress records ranked scratch line in terms of existing frequency of examination, teachers concern with pupils performance in national examinations ranked second, and availability of streetwise weakly record of mould covered ranked third (Appendix D, Table 3.2). At the other extreme, three focuses ranked lowest in terms of existing frequency of examination teachers dress and appearance, teachers use of teaching aids, and the mien in which the teacher asks questions in the class (Appendix D, Table 3.2).In te rms of preferred frequency of examination, the focus that ranked first was teachers concern with pupils performance in national examinations, followed by availability of properly organized pupils progress records, and, fin every last(predicate)y, availability of streetwise periodical record of work covered (Appendix D, Table 3.2). The focuses that ranked lowest in terms of preferred frequency of examination included preparation of an appropriate lesson plan, the manner in which the teacher asks questions in the class, and teachers dress and appearance (Appendix D, Table 3.2). Based on t-test analyses, there were significant differences at the 0.001 level between teachers perceptions of the frequency of examination of existing and preferred focuses of school-based instructional supervision. In general, teachers preferred that the focuses of school-based instructional supervision presented in this study be examined much frequently than was currently being d atomic number 53. interv iew FindingsInterviews with teachers, headteachers, and education officers indicated five major themes relative to focuses of school-based instructional supervision (a) curriculum and instruction, (b) scholar success, (c) teacher performance, (d) teachers artifacts of teaching, and (e) human relations.Curriculum and InstructionThree headteachers cited three focuses of instructional supervision that are primarily interested with curriculum and instruction (a) teachers attendance to schedule lessons, (b) teachers participation in extracurricular activities, and (c) syllabus coverage by the teacher. matchless teacher, in a general remark, stated as followsI think it is important to check on attendance of teachers to their scheduled lessons or to their participation in extracurricular activities with pupils. Headteachers should too make sure that teachers cover the syllabuses in good time to prepare students for external exams.Student SuccessTwo teachers agreed that instructional sup ervisors should endeavor to find out how teachers assess their pupils work. They argued that the various strategies that teachers use to assess students progress will determine how students are prepared for national examinations. As wiz teacher remarked, It would be helpful to know teachers assess their pupils academic work because this is important for students success in the national examinations.Teacher PerformanceA nonher orbit regarding the focuses of school-based instructional supervision cited by four interviewees was concerned with teacher performance in the classroom. These participants agreed that, to facilitate teaching and learning, the teachers level of preparedness and general intensity in teaching should be the major focuses of the supervision of instruction. As one education officer commented, The best thing to do is for supervisors to address areas like speciality of their classroom teachers and how they are prepared to teach.Teachers Artifacts of TeachingOne he adteacher observed that teachers teaching artifacts, such(prenominal) as examination and test papers, should be addressed during supervision process. This headteacher remarked, instructional supervisors should check the quality of examination and test papers set by teachers because these are important teaching tools that would shape students success in the final examinations. Do they set high quality papers which can promote learning?Human RelationsA final area relating to focuses of instructional supervision mentioned by some interviewees was concerned with human relations. One education officer noted that how teachers interact with students should be considered in the figures of instructional supervision and that the teacher-pupil relationship should be a major focus of instructional supervision. Another education officer commented, When you are superintendence a teacher, for example in the classroom, you must look at how the teacher interacts with pupils. This interaction is im portant because it will affect learning.In general, the focuses of school-based instructional supervision cited by interviewees concur with high-rank focuses relative to the existing and preferred extent of examination by the teacher from the questionnaire data.Synthesis and Discussion of School-based instructional supervision FocusesThe findings relating to teachers perceptions of existing and preferred frequency of examination of the focuses of school-based instructional supervision revealed by questionnaire data indicate that three focuses received the highest be in twain existing and preferred frequency of examination (a) availability of properly organized pupils progress records, (b) availability of up-to-date weekly record of work covered, and (c) teachers concern with pupils performance in national examinations. Similarly, one focus-the manner in which the teacher asks questions in the class-received the lowest ranking in both existing and preferred frequency of examination as perceived by teachers.The findings from the interview data revealed the following focuses of school-based instructional supervision (a) teachers attendance to scheduled classes, (b) teachers preparedness, (e) teachers methods of assessment of pupils academic progress, (f) quality of test papers set by the teacher, (g) syllabus coverage by the teacher, (h) teachers participation in extracurricular activities, and (i) teacher-pupil relationship.Indicators of Teacher provisionThe three focuses of school-based instructional supervision that received the highest ranking in terms of existing and preferred frequency of examination by the headteacher- availability of properly organized pupils records, availability of up-to-date records of work covered, and teachers concern with pupils performance in national examinations-were particularly interesting because, in Saudi Arabia, the three focuses are among the indicators of teachers preparedness for legal teaching that the Ministry of Ed ucation expects headteachers to ensure. As explained by Saudi Arabian Ministry of Education (1998) headteachers, as managers of approved school curriculum, are expected to ensure that teachers prepare spatiotemporal tools of work, such as lesson plans and weekly records of work done, and check periodically pupils exercise books, practical work, assignments, and continuous assessment to ensure regular marking and systematic use in guiding learners.Teachers Concern with Pupils PerformanceTeachers concern with pupils performance in national examinations is an important aspect of Saudi Arabias education system, which seems to put a neat deal of emphasis on passing of examinations. As Babtain (2004) noted, the overloaded system of education imposes cut-throat competition among schools, where learners are pushed to cut down others in national examinations, and forces teachers to be busy all year round as they struggle to complete the curriculum. To facilitate students success in nationa l examinations, as noted by Ibrahim (2000), teachers are expected to develop and transmit desired knowledge, skills, and attitudes to pupils, it is hoped, through instructional supervision.Teachers Attendance to Scheduled ClassesTeachers attendance to scheduled lessons is an important focus in school-based instructional supervision because it facilitates curriculum implementation. Highlighting the role of the school head as a manager of the school, Hassan (1998) observed that the headteacher should ensure regular teaching of subjects to implement the school curriculum effectively.Teacher attendance to scheduled lessons is a major issue in the Saudi Arabian education system because numerous cases of student unrest in the recent past have been attributed to teachers failure to attend scheduled lessons. For example, Mahmoud (2004), commenting about student protest in one school cited lessons missing as one of the reasons for the student strike that paralyzed the school and led to its c losure. Similarly, Attari (2005) cited teachers boycott of scheduled classes as a major reason for the indefinite closure of the school and the temporary removal of students from the school.Teachers attendance to scheduled classes is linked to six other related focuses of school-based instructional supervision revealed by the interview data (a) teachers presence in the school, (b) teachers speciality in the classroom, (c) teachers level of preparedness, (d) teachers methods of assessment of pupils academic progress, (e) quality of test papers set by the teacher, and (f) syllabus coverage by the teacher, because they are all concerned with facilitating effective and quality curriculum implementation in the school. In the Saudi Arabian context, as explained in the Education Act (Saudi Arabia, 1980), curriculum means all the subjects taught and all the activities provided at school, and may include the time devoted to each subject and activity (p. 4), and syllabus means a concise sta tement of the contents of a course of instruction in a subject or subjects (p. 5). To facilitate curriculum implementation, in particular, Saudi Arabia Ministry of Education (1998) has underscored the role of the headteacher in supervising the school curriculum to ensure effective teaching and learning. And Mohammed (2002) has concluded that the quality of curriculum implementation and management may determine student performance in external and school-based examinations.Practices of School-based instructional supervisionA further sub-problem in the study was concerned with the perceptions of participants regarding the practices of school-based instructional supervision. This section reports the findings relating to the practices of school-based instructional supervision based on questionnaire and interview data.Sixteen statements describing the practices of school-based instructional supervision as conducted by headteachers were listed in each teacher instrument (Appendices A and B). The statements covered the following major aspects relating to the practices of instructional supervision (a) conducting teaching, (b) evaluating teachers work, (c) providing knowledge about supervisory process, (d) reducing teachers anxieties regarding supervisory program, (e) collecting information about teachers, (f) pre-observation conferencing, (g) using examination results to indicate teacher performance, (h) interviewing students about teacher performance, (i) conferencing with teachers about classroom practice, (j) encouraging self-evaluation, (k) improving instructional quality, (1) writing supervisory reports, (m) providing supervisory feedback, (n) post-observation conferencing, (o) identifying areas of instructional improvement, and (p) rewarding deserving teachers. For details regarding specific statements about the practices of instructional supervision, see Appendices A and B.The respondents were requested to indicate their preferences for existing and preferred importance given to each practice by making choices from given alternatives ranging from 1 (no importance) to 5 (great). The percentage and frequency distributions, means, and standard deviations were determined for each practice. The data obtained from teachers, headteachers, and education officers relative to the practices of school-based instructional supervision are reported in Appendix D, Tables 4.1 and 4.2.This section reports the findings relating to teachers perceptions regarding the practices of school-based instructional supervision in terms of the importance they attach to the practices. Only the practices that received the highest and lowest rankings as perceived by teachers have been reported.Teachers responses relative to existing and preferred importance of practices of school-based instructional supervision were explored, as were comparisons between the existing and the preferred means and standard deviations of the practices of school-based instructional supervision as perceived by teachers (Appendix D, Tables 4.1). The practices have been ranked from highest to lowest based on the mean responses relating to existing and preferred practices (Appendix D, Table 4.2).Encouraging teachers to evaluate their own teaching (i.e., self-evaluation n=256) ranked first in order of importance as existing practice, followed by using examination/test results as indicators of teacher performance (n=254 see Appendix D, Table 4.2). Setting up specific sessions with teachers to discuss how teaching should be conducted (n=256) and recognizing and rewarding excellent teachers (n=256) formed a cluster in third position in order of importance as existing practices. At the other end, the practices that received the lowest ranks as existing practices included (a) writing supervisory reports for unlike audiences (n=250), (b) conducting conferences concisely after observant teachers (n=248), and (c) meeting with teachers prior to classroom observation (n=250 see Append ix D, Table 4.2).Regarding preferred practices, recognizing and rewarding excellent teachers (n=256) ranked first in order of importance, encouraging teachers to evaluate their own teaching (i.e., self-evaluation n=256) ranked second, and providing teachers with an adequate amount of information to become familiar with the supervisory process (n=256) ranked third (Appendix D, Table 4.2). The least preferred practices in order of importance were (a) meeting with teachers prior to classroom observation (n=250), (b) writing different supervisory reports for different audiences, and (c) obtaining information from students about their teachers performance through face-to-face interview (n=252 see Appendix D, Table 4.2).Based on t-test analyses, there were significant differences at both the 0.05 and 0.001 levels between teachers perceptions of existing and preferred practices of school-based instructional supervision, except for one practice, holding face to-face interviews with teachers to obtain information about their classroom practice. In general, teachers preferred that more importance be attached to practices of school-based instructional supervision listed in the instrument than was currently the case.Interview FindingsTeachers, headteachers, and education officers interviewed cited the following practices of school-based instructional supervision that they had experienced (a) checking teachers maestro tools of work or artifacts of teaching, such as schemes of work, records of work covered, lesson notes, lesson plans, lesson-focus books, mark books, daily preparation books, and part test papers (b) examining students exercise books (c) using students to obtain information about teachers (d) holding conferences with teachers (e) observing teachers in their classrooms and (f) supervision by walking around.Frequency distributions of teachers, headteachers, and education officers regarding their mention of practices of school-based instructional supervision we re also synthesized from the interview data (Appendix D, Table 4.3). Eleven teachers, four headteachers/ deputy headteachers, and three education officers interviewed mentioned checking teachers tools of work or artifacts of teaching, especially schemes of work and records of work covered, as an important practice of school-based instructional supervision in the schools (Appendix D, Table 4.3).Also, six teachers, three headteachers/deputy headteachers, and two education officers agreed that holding conferences with teachers was one of the practices of school-based instructional supervision. Furthermore, two teachers, three headteachers/deputy headteachers, and two education officers identified observing teachers in their classrooms as one of the practices of school-based instructional supervision.However, a few teachers and headteachers interviewed reported that classroom observation, in particular, was not a common practice in their schools. As one headteacher commentedVisiting tea chers in their classrooms to see how they teach is very difficult in our situation. And most teachers resent it so much, and personally I dont think I have done it. I dont think it is a practice. You know how it can be taken. In most cases, those who have attempted it have met with a lot of negativity. It is like you want to find faults from the teacher. Teachers fear it most.Three teacher interviewees concurred that there were no supervisory reports on teachers pen by headteachers, to the best of their knowledge. As one teacher remarked, Once teachers have been supervised by the headteacher by whatever means, no supervisory reports are made, not at the school level. Maybe the headteacher would have his or her own reports.The interviewees also gave least emphasis to practices such as examination of students exercise books and using student leaders, commonly referred to as prefects, to obtain information about teachers. As one education officer stated, But I dont think we need child ren to write anything about teachers for us to know whether or not teachers are on duty.Synthesis and Discussion of Practices of School-based instructional supervisionThe findings regarding the practices of school-based instructional supervision based on the questionnaire data revealed that recognizing and rewarding excellent teachers was ranked highest by teachers as existing and preferred supervisory practice, whereas writing different supervisory reports for different audiences received low ranking as existing and preferred practice. The interview findings revealed six major practices of school-based instructional supervision(a) checking teachers artifacts of teaching, (b) examining students exercise books, (c) using students to obtain information about teachers, (d) holding conferences with teachers, and (e) observing teachers in their classrooms.Recognizing and Rewarding Deserving TeachersThat recognizing and rewarding excellent teachers ranked highest is noteworthy because it seems to be a viable strategy for motivating teachers, especially when the recognition is initiated by the headteacher as an instructional leader. This finding supports Sergiovannis (2001) belief that one of the school principals responsibilities is to build and to nurture motivation and commitment to teaching and that when teaching is rewarding professionally, teachers are potential to keep improving their effectiveness. The importance of recognizing and rewarding teachers has also been supported elsewhere. For example, Hallinger and Murphy (1985) observed that setting up a work structure that rewards and recognizes teachers for their efforts was an important part of the principals role in creating a positive learning climate.In the Saudi Arabian context, as explained by Saudi Arabia Ministry of Education (1998), the headteachers proper management, especially in recognizing excellent performance, may facilitate high morale, motivation, integrity, and appropriate work ethics.Artifac ts of TeachingThe practices of school-based instructional supervision revealed by the interview data were also observed. For example, checking teachers artifacts of teaching or tools of work is important in Saudi Arabian schooling because it is concerned with teachers preparedness to teach classes. Whereas the Ministry of Education (1987) expects classroom teachers to prepare artifacts of teaching, it is the responsibility of the headteacher and heads of departments, especially, to ensure that such items are actually prepared appropriately and to check their relevance to the intended subjects. Furthermore, as the Ministry of Education explained, heads of departments, in particular, are responsible for maintaining a record of work of the subjects to be completed weekly by all subject heads.Questionnaire and Interview Findings ComparedA comparison of questionnaire and interview findings regarding the practices of school-based instructional supervision revealed some interesting similar ities. For example, the practice that ranked lowest in both existing and preferred extent of examination as perceived by teachers-writing different supervisory reports for different audiences-was also viewed by some interviewees as being nonexistentAlso, the practice of obtaining information from students about their teachers performance through face-to-face interviews, which received relatively low ranking in both existing and preferred extent of examination as perceived by teachers, was also considered inappropriate by some teachers and education officers interviewed. I can speculate that this practice was perhaps common especially in schools where feedback from students regarding teacher performance was productive. However, several views in the literature supported the involvement of students in evaluation of teachers. For example, Stronge and Ostrander (1997) argued that, because students are the primary consumers of teachers services and have direct knowledge about classroom pr actices on a regular basis, they are in a key position to provide information about teacher effectiveness.Whereas the questionnaire data indicated that meeting with teachers especially prior to classroom observation ranked lowest in order of importance as existing and preferred practice as perceived by teachers, the interview data indicated that holding conferences with teachers was prevalent in schools. I can speculate that conferencing with teachers was not a popular practice in many schools.

How Does Pick n Pay Address Inclusivity?

How Does split n support Address Inclusivity?What genial responsibility activities does adjourn N redress take part in?IntroductionFor businesses studies this year we claim been given the task of choosing companies we argon going to evaluate on their corporate brotherly responsibility and ethical behavior. This secondary research project allow for analyse the corporate giving medication that the JSE (private) companies uphold. All companies be part of a larger guardianship group and abide by certain economys, rules and ethics. Our aim is to decide which company between the two we have chosen is better governed.AbstractThis task requires us to choose and consider the corporate giving medication that the JSE listed companies uphold. Research and evidence will be collected to prove our investigation. A conclusion will be do as to what extent and which of the two companies is better governed over on the whole.MethodologyThis project required a lot of research and thitherfo re lots of time was spent on the internet looking up all the necessary information. My main information came from the internet amazees of the two companies, further and crack up n fabricate. Both website pages were very usable and provided me with their mission and resource. I also visited a peck n catch up with store and more information was collected in that location. I also used my cause familiarity of the two companies as I have bring outn up cosmos informed of both spinal column and piece n redeem and as a family we often shop at Pick n hand stores. option of CompaniesPick n PayChoosing Pick n Pay as the general retailer I would focus on for this project was very easy. Everyday families buy products from different retail stores namely Checkers, Spar, Woolworths and Pick n Pay. Because we argon so involved in these shops and have such a limited choice of retail food stores I thought it would be interesting to chance on their contri safeion to corporate comp anionable responsibility. A lot of consumers be unaware of a businesses behind the scene ethical practices and I think it is important sensation realises the significance of large groups like The Pick n Pay Holdings limited group to give back to the community and contribute to sustainable projects. Because of such a wide range of socio-economical issues in Africa businesses need to focus on them and be able to sustain that project. I have heard a lot slightly Pick n Pay contributions to society and often are exposed to it by visiting their shops (bandanas for sale for the sunflower fund). CSR has a huge impact on the businesses public image and I wanted to investigate why people would or would not want to support Pick n Pay as their grocery store.Introduction into businesss micro environmentA sound missionWe serveWith our hearts we take in a great place to beWith our reasons we create an excellent place to shopKey valuesWe nurture leadership and vision, and reward innovationWe are passionate about our customers and will fight for their rightsWe cope for, and respect each otherWe take individual responsibilityWe support and participate in our communitiesWe are all accountableWe live by satinpod and integrity(Anonymous n.d)The Pick n Pay Store limited jump on runs on a flat organisational structure and has the overall responsibility of all the stores. The board consists of eight non-executive directors and five executive directors. Operational responsibility is divided up into three main groups The Pick n Pay retail plane section, the Group enterprises division and the Franklin division. Each division has its own management board and they, as the board members believe this structure allows local operations to form decisions, be accountable for their actions and grow personally.Flat organisational structureSome people in the lower levels are given more responsibility and fewer motorbuss are neededSenior managerMiddle managersWorkersThe company also bel ieves in decentralisation and this means each store is responsible for everything they do, including budgets, marketing and operations.Each business is responsible for everything they do but run overall by the board of the Pick n Pay Holding limited groupThe board is assisted by groups of specialised people, cardinal of which is the corporate governance group which go outs all the correct structures are in line with both field of study and international standards and are appropriate and effective somatic Social responsibleness and SustainabilityDefinition Corporate social responsibility CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society. (Baker n.d.)Since 2005 Pick n Pay have published an annual report to give to suppliers, customers and employees. This focuses and is dedicated solely to their Corporate Social responsibility and sustainability plans as well as the increasing attention customers are placing on companies to be socially responsibility. Pick n Pay has a dedicated General Manger, Tessa Chamberlin whose specific task is to come across that their sustainable strategies reach their full potential. In sexual union with this Pick N Pay, in 1990 launched their green range of products AND completed its first environmental inspection. Not solely do Pick n Pay focus on outreach and community thing, they are c oncerned about the sustainability of where there food products and ingredients come from. Pick n Pay are also involved and are one of the main sponsors in the carbon disclosure project which is aimed at growing and processing complete products. In 2007 Pick n Pay contributed R47 one thousand million on social initiatives. Pick N Pay strive to be practical on there approach to there responsibility to their consumers and communities in which they operate.Pick n Pay aimsFormulating a vision and action plan that is sustainableAppointing a General passenger car that promotes sustainable organ ic evolutionR30 million over the next 3 years to encourage broad-based black economic empowermentInvestments in promoting staff training and organic evolutionLooking into some of there other CSR which includes (Broader social responsibility)Activities to reduce our impact on the environmentProjects to conserve nada and water consumptionA waste, energy and water sagaciousness study .Initiatives to decrease the impacts of transportationAll coolants containing CFCs have been stopped.Investigating further packaging to decrease waste producedAlternative locally produced, and more environmentally friendly Green Bag shopping pouchs are made available to shoppers.Corporate social investmentTotal expenditure on CSI R46 millionFocusing on education and literacy entrepreneurial development access to primary health care assistance to the disabled, street children, Aids sufferers HIV/Aids legal community and support programmes road safety housing feeding schemes and sponsoring various spor ting events. (Marketing division of Pick n Pay n.d.)Campaigns like the Sunflower Fund for the swot up marrow registry, the Kids in Parks initiative and the Pick n Pay School Club programme.The Board of directors, management and all employees are committed to a senior high school standard of corporate governance. Pick n Pay take pride in moral and ethical business standards. The Pick n Pay Holdings Limited group is committed to transparent business practices. The Board is committed to complying in all material respects with the principles contained in the baron II report, as well as to the additional requirements for good corporate governance stipulated in the JSE SRI Index. (Marketing division of Pick n Pay n.d.)King II Report on Corporate GovernanceKing II statesThe Board is responsible for the total process of risk management, as well as for forming an opinion on the authorization of the processThe Board should serve the risk strategy policies in liaison with executive direct ors, and senior managementThe Board must decide the companys appetite or tolerance for riskThe Board should make use of generally recognised risk management and internal control models and frameworks in order to maintain a sound system of risk management and internal control to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of organisational objectives andThe Board is responsible for ensuring a systematic, documented assessment of the processes and outcomes surrounding key risks is undertaken, at least annually, for the purpose of making its public statement. (Marketing division of Pick n Pay n.d.)Is it Sustainable?Although a lot of Pick n Pays CSR is contributing silver towards various charities and organisations, I think they are also very involved in the community. They do many projects that run once in a year for example the kids in parks project mentioned above, the Sunflower Fund for the bone marrow registry, the Quadriplegic Association of South Africa (QASA) and the Pick n Pay School Club programme. However all these projects are with -standing and are all still functioning today in society.Socio- Economic issues and strategies usedAlthough Pick n Pay do a lot of CSR I have decided to focus on one specific project.Pick n Pay are very involved in corporate social responsibility and address almost all socio-economic issues including education, poverty, the environment, sponsorship for sporting events and diseases like cancer (sunflower fund)I have chosen a project called Kids in Parks which Pick n Pay has been involved in and a sponsor of for 5years. This project entails both environmental and local community social responsibility and therefore addresses both environmental and underprivileged children/poverty issues.The Kids in Parks initiative uses money from plastic bag sales at Pick n Pay. R1 from every R5 bag sold is donated to a special environmental fund which is now the pecuniary support for the Kids in Parks project. Because of the 2003 legislation put in place by government people now have to buy plastic bags. Consumers are more aware of the importance of keeping bags to re-use and therefore this has had a huge reduction in the number of plastic bags in circulation and litter in the environment.The sale of over 9 million Pick n Pay Green Bags made it possible for them to make available resources for over 20 000 children to participate in this project. Sixteen national parks are used and Pick n Pay has purchased 3 60 seater buses to transport the underprivileged children from the local community to and from the parks. Pick n Pay also sponsor meals, T- Shirts, goodie bags and equipment needed for the fun day. The children stay overnight in dorms and are provided with all the necessary scholarship equipment.The Kids in Parks Programme provides a unique opportunity for go overers and their educators to visit a national park and learn a lot about natural and cultural heritage. The three-day programme allows for load s of discovery, learning and fun for kids.(South African National Parks 2010)The programme shows the importance of national parks to children from an underprivileged background. The children learn to identify, name and describe different fauna and flora. The children learn about biodiversity and how to sustain and look after our environment. Activities make learners aware of water conservation and also allow children to look into different environmental careers that are available.The Kids in Parks initiative is being phased in over a period of three years. Each year five different parks will take in ten groups of 50 learners and 2 teachers. This means that eventually a total of 7 500 learners, 300 educators from 150 primary schools will have visited 15 parks.The programme is a partnership between SANParks, Pick n Pay and the departments of Environmental Affairs and Tourism (DEAT) and Education (DoE) (South African National Parks 2010) economy of EthicsPick n Pay ensures that all em ployees act with the top level of honesty and respect. Pick n Pay was one of the first companies to make a real commitment to corporate social responsibility and they do this by acting in a manner which portrays good corporate governance. They are unbending in their view of their code of Ethics and ensure that all employees follow these rules. New employees are trained and are sensitive to their CSR involvement. Pick n Pay take pride in having in depth knowledge of every aspect of their business, be it operations, interaction with society, environmental involvement and customer satisfaction. This knowledge is always communicated through their comprehensive training schemes in an ethical, honest and respectful manner, whether it is with employees or suppliers, customers and the general public at large. The maintenance and on going development of their code of ethics coupled with their CSR programs is constantly monitored by their board of directors. Any deviations from their code of ethics are addressed through their disciplinary review procedures.Choice of companies importunityI chose backbone because it is a well known, well established brand and therefore should be doing corporate social responsibility. importunity has international outlets and are aware of international standards of corporate governance. Spur South Africa has achieved huge suppuration this year with turnover increasing to over R2.2 billion, is an increase in corporate social responsibility and governance programs responsible for this growth?Spur targets the fast growing middle class population group in South Africa in the family sit down restaurant market. They are in an ideal position to capatalise on this market although there is huge competition in this sector. They should therefore execute social responsibility programs and show good corporate governance to keep their market share.Introduction into businesss micro environmentThe Spur Corporation listed on the JSE in 1986 and current ly has 240 franchised spur steak ranchesThe Spur Corporation assists all their franchisees both before and after opening. The well-trained operations team provides consistent back up and support to all franchises. The Spur corporation are very involved in all there franchise companies. This team ensures Spur upholds the brand name and quality food they are expected to provide.The board comprises of one independent non-executive director, three non-executive directors and six executive directors. The board meets twice annually, the non-executive directors can have direct access to management without the directors being present. This allows problems, if they do occur to be sorted out.Spur corporation is centralised asMarketing- dedicated marketing team that come up with new ideas for all franchises to use such as promotions and flyersProcurement and manufacturing- there is a manufacturing facility which is responsible for the testing of productsTraining- dedicated team of trainers who ensure that the franchisees and employees have the necessary skillsThese divisions are headed up at the head office. Because Spur steak ranches is a franchise the board requires all franchisees to remain at the same standard, these operations named above are headed-up at the head office to ensure this does happen. This structure will minimize duplication of effort and documents.Head officeFranchiseesSpurPanarottisJohn DorysVision and MissionOur vision is to be the best family sit-down restaurant in the markets in which we trade.Our mission is to be dedicated at all times to our customers andemployees to provide a perceptiveness for life for our customers and be a great place to work for our employees. (Spur Corporation,2003) different micro- environment challenges which Spur has faced in the current year are high rentals, increased costs of electricity rates and taxes, reduced disposable income of customers, high food price inflation and increased wage demands.Corporate Social Res ponsibility and SustainabilitySpur Corporation is committed to achieving high standards of corporate governance to protect the interests of the company and its shareholders The group endorses the Code of Corporate Practices and Conduct as exemplified in the King Committee report on Corporate Governance( King 2) Governance structures are continually enhanced to take account of changes in spite of appearance the group and ongoing developments within corporate governance (Spur Corporation,2003)Spur is very conscious and committed to improving the lives of disadvantaged people in South African through the use of there brand. The Spur Corporation assists in the upliftment of the communities focusing mainly on people development through sport.Corporate social responsibility is an essential part of Spur. Spur has established many community-focused events for disadvantaged children. Funds generated from these events are used for a feeding initiative in rural schools. The Spur Corporation i n conjunction with Joint Aid Management (Non profit organisation) provides meals to 350000 throughout SA daily.Sport and recreational eventsSpur soccer Masidlale (lets play) is a series of one-day soccer learning clinics.National Schools volume Biking league receive continued support for the development of young cyclistsSpur adventure provides a fun day for the familyRugby development- Spur is committed to geological fault at a schools level partnering with FNB to present classic clashes on TV. Spur also sponsor disadvantaged rugby playing schoolsAnnual charity play tour- raised over R300 000 for the development of underprivileged potential players and food for many schemesHIV/AIDS an AIDS awareness campaign has been established for the past septet yearsSpur, because of their adventure image have used sport as their corporate social responsibility outlet.Is it sustainable?These projects are definitely sustainable as they have long term aims of continuing the projects establishe d. . Through sport disadvantaged children are being taught valuable life skills including team work and personal gain. Children will be able to use the skills they learn throughout their lives and will get much enjoyment out of playing sport. Often disadvantaged children are demoralise and unhappy and sport can be a recreational outlet for them to enjoy.Socio- Economic issues and strategies usedSpur is very limited in the socio-economic issues they address nevertheless I decided to focus on the Spur Soccer Masidlale initiative which uses soccer as a bases to integrate children from all walks of life. This initiative is part of Spur Corporations corporate social investment (CSI) This experience is a fun and interactive. Properly qualified coaches conduct the standardised drill sessions which are followed by a mini-tournament.The Spur Corporation sponsors lunch for all players, soccer kit, equipment as well as the coaches. Every child involved will receive their own soccer ball. te rminal year the theme of the initiative was Self discipline which is being followed up this year with the theme of Follow your leader This programme ensures the coaches revisit the schools regularly, enforcing the learning experience. Spur has collaborated once again with Joint Aid Management to feed less fortunate children which will also experience the Spur Soccer Masidlale clinics.The aim To ensure the youth of South Africa maintain a healthy, active lifestyle. This is why Spur has partnered with the Supersport initiative, Lets Play which aims to get children into the outdoors and enjoying the fresh air. Together, with the same direction in mind they want to get children off the streets and playing sport.This project can contribute towards decreasing crime to self esteem issues. Children need a good rear end of moral education and programmes like this one can provide this. Sport is fun and one has to work in a team to achieve a common goal. This program encourages children to f ollow their dream and introduces them to soccer at a young age. This will help them to find their own identity and promote a life free of alcohol and drugs.A participant enjoying a Spur hamburgerA team wearing the sponsored soccer kitEating a Spur hamburgerEating a Spur hamburgerCode of EthicsSpur requires all their employees to maintain the highest moral and ethical standards with all stakeholders including 1) relationships with other collegues 2) interaction with suppliers in order to meet stringent supply and food safety requirements 3) Bond with customers 4) enhanced interaction with corporate governance structures and NGO groups 5) establishment of remuneration committees as part of their corporate governance program 6) interaction with employee groups for example labour unions, environmental interest groups and disadvantagedIn dealings with all stakeholders Spur adheres to the principles contained in their code of Ethics, these principles are integrity, honesty and good fai th, impartiality, transparency and openness, accountability and responsibility(Spur Corporation,2003) This code of Ethics does not mention CSR but does detail how they go about dealing with society in an ethical, moral manner.Analysis of information, comparison and opinionPick n Pay and SpurThe outlook for Spur is very positive. There financial performance is underpinned by a sound, well thought out corporate governance program, which includes an audit committee, remuneration committee, risk committee, nominations committee and operational committee. These groups ensure the streak of the company is smooth and the public can then be reassured the company is practicing ethical behavior and good governance.This linked with there proposed restaurant growth in South Africa coupled with the 2010 Fifa world Cup will mean that the potential for Spur to become more involved in CSR is there (more money to contribute and make use of)I think Spur need to make the public more aware of their CSR to boost their public image and therefore, worthy more involved will be an advantage and not seen as money spent without return on investment (ROI)However, the spur corporation as a hole focuses on growth and customers and needs to become aware of the need for the businesses to get more involved in CSR.Pick n Pay are very involved in CSR and show a real interest in giving back and doing good in the community. They show this by doing a broad range of CSR that help many different socio-economic problems. Pick n Pay are involved in projects that are not just once off and require a commitment form the business to be sustainable. The Pick n Pay holdings limited group are advance good corporate governance across all stores and this is proven in their code of ethics and CSR programmes.VSDiscussion and ConclusionDefinition Corporate governance is the set of processes, customs, laws and institutions affecting the way a corporation (or company) is directed, administrated or controlled. Cor porate governance also includes the relationships among the many stakeholders involved and the goals for which the corporation is governed. The principle stakeholders are the shareholders, management, and the board of directors. Other stakeholders include employees, customers, creditors, suppliers, and the community at large.Looking at the evidence presented above Pick n Pay is better governed. Although both companies have corporate governance programs in place one can see that Pick n Pay are more committed to their ethical behavior/ corporate governance and CSR. Spur corporations only uses sport to promote CSR where as Pick n Pay has a comprehensive list of different CSR programs they are involved in. Pick n Pay addresses a range of socio-economic issues like education, poverty, the environment and diseases, Spur focuses on the upliftment of children in South Africa. Pick n pay uses there involvement in so many CSR programmes to promote their positive image to the public and theref ore having a good effect on sales. Pick n Pay have an extensive view and plan on promoting both broad based and primary bases social responsibility. They have put together a code to develop the Pick n Pay employees (as seen under the corporate social responsibility and sustainability heading). By being corporate social responsible Pick n Pay are giving back to the society and the environment and at the same time promoting there good corporate governance. Looking at Pick n Pays social involvement and promoting the well being of their own employees who are encouraged to be ethical and work with integrity Pick n Pay does uphold corporate governance.